Francisco Pizarro

The Spanish people are illiterate, Francisco Pizarro was born around 1475 in the city of Trujillo, Spain. Let me illiterate, she was the one who conquered the Inca empire in Peru. Hernando Cortes Like a lot of similarities with him, Pizarro landed in the New World contest to find fame and fortune. From 1502 until 1509 Pizarro lived in Hispaniola, the Caribbean islands,
in an area that now includes the Dominican Republic and Haiti. Year 1513 he became a member of the expedition under the leadership of Vasco Núñez de Balboa, who discovered the Atlantic Ocean. In 1519 he settled in Panama. From the year 1522, when Pizarro turns forty-seven years old, he knew that the Inca empire from a Spanish explorer Pascual de Andagoya have ever visited. Pizarro, driven by the inspiration of the conquest of Mexico by Hernando Cortes, determined to conquer the Inca Empire.

1524-1525 first-year experiment a failure and the two ships were forced turnaround before touching Peru. Experiments both years 1526-1528 he managed to set foot on the coast of Peru and brought home gold, llamas, and the Indians.

In 1528 he returned to Spain. There, next year, King Charles V gave him the power to conquer Peru for the interests of Spain and memperlengkapinya with funding and everything you need to make the expedition. Pizarro returned to Panama and to prepare the expedition. The expedition sailed from Panama in 1531. It was Pizarro's entry age fifty-five years. Strength in the expedition had collected less than 200 people while the Inca empire to be conquered population of not less than six million people!

Pizarro landed in Peru next year. Month of September 1532, with only 177 people and 62 horses, he stormed into the mainland. With such a small army Pizarro mountains towering Andes to the destination city of Cajamarca, position-Atahualpa Inca ruler - which has 14,000 soldiers strength. Army "little man" Pizarro arrived at Cajamarca on November 15 in 1532. The next year, at the request of Pizarro, Atahualpa leaving a large number of troops and escorted by only about 5,000 loyal followers of unarmed. came to negotiate with Pizarro.

Pizarro's behavior should confuse even been able to capture Atahualpa symptom. Calculated from the people the Spanish set foot on shore, they were without the facade has shown his evil intentions and roughness. Therefore almost no sense what forces allow for Atahualpa Pizarro near Cajamarca without barriers. If only the Indians confront Pizarro in the narrow streets of the mountain slopes is certain cavalry Pizarro had no power, they must have been easily cleared the Spanish people. Attitude Atahualpa after Pizarro arrived at Cajamarca is also very surprising. Troops approached clearly malignant while he himself was unarmed, actually an act of reckless and stupid. This mystery became more and more into the habit of considering the Inca tactic is to conduct a surprise attack.

Pizarro karuan not waste this golden opportunity. He orders his troops following Atahualpa confront unarmed bodyguards at all. Battle - or rather the slaughter - lasted only about a half hour. No one Spanish soldier was killed. Pizarro injured himself just a scratch from him to protect Atahualpa could catch him alive.

Pizarro went perfect strategy. Inca Empire had a system of centralized structure, all the power radiated from the Inca, or emperor who was considered semi-divine. With the capture of the Inca as a prisoner, the Indians held helpless Spanish invasion. Presumably in the hope of re-gained independence, Atahualpa paid Pizarro a large number of gold and silver prices may be more than $ 28 million. However, only in a few months later he was sentenced to death by Pizarro. In November of 1533, a year after captured Atahualpa, Pizarro entered Cuzco forces, the capital of the Inca, without any fighting. There, Pizarro picked up a puppet king. In 1535 he found the city of Lima is the capital of Peru.

Year 1536, a puppet Inca king escaped and led a rebellion against the Spanish siege in Lima and Cuzco. After that Spain tried hard to restore its control over the whole country in the next year, but the new year 1572 rebellion could really tertumpas. After that die Pizarro.

Decline Pizarro stars began to appear when the Spanish people another scuffle. One close friend Pizarro, Diego de Almargo, rebelled in the year 1537 does not dividing Pizarro demanded fair booty. Almargo arrested and sentenced to death. However, this death does not solve the problem. Issues about the continued spread in the year 1541 so that the support group Almargo stormed Pizarro's palace in Lima, and killed the leader of the age sixty-five years, only eight years since he took Cuzco with a resounding victory.

Francisco Pizarro was a brave, believe in yourself, and stiff. Measured from the mental, he was a religious, Pizarro reportedly dying when painting a picture of the cross with his blood and the last sentence out of his mouth was "Jesus". Instead, he was not playing greedy, cruel, ambitious, and cunning; probably Spanish conquerors of the most brutal.

However, rudeness Pizarro do not turn a blind eye on his success in the military field. When in 1967 Israel's dramatic victory over the Arab whose numbers far greater than Israel itself and even more complete weapons, many people stunned. The victory was very impressive. However, history is filled with stories of military victory by a small army against army iauh greater. Napoleon and Alexander the Great repeatedly won the battle against an enemy that fold greater in number. The Mongols under Genghis Khan conquered able to conquer China, the country with a population of thirty times greater than the Mongols.

However, Pizarro conquered a kingdom with a population of more than six million just 180 soldiers to the army really is an amazing event in history. What was done was greater than that Cortes conquered the country 800 soldiers with a population of around five million. In fact, maybe Genghis Khan or Alexander the Great to surpass Pizarro? I hesitated, because they do not have conquests kenekadan crazy like that.

But, of course one might ask: is not Spain have a firearm that helps superiority tactics? Absolutely not. Arquebuses, primitive firearm that era had only short-range firepower and requires a lot of time filling mesiunya. Although indeed a frightening noise, types of actual weapons that were less powerful than a good arrows. At a time when Pizarro broke in Cajamarca, only three soldiers who hold the guns arquebuses and no more than twenty have the following bow arrows. Generally, the Indians were killed with conventional weapons such as swords and spears. Besides just having a little horse and firearms, obviously Spanish people involved in the conflict in a military position is not very profitable. Is the leadership and determination rather than weapons of steel that became the main factor Spanish victory. Of course, luck was on the side of Pizarro, but as the saying goes "Luck always be on the brave."

Francisco Pizarro has been criticized by some writers is like as a butcher who eyed. If after all that, he included some of the butchers, butchers who have influence in history. Ditumbangkannya kingdom over an area of Peru and Ecuador now, as well as the northern half of Chile and part of Bolivia. The population slightly more than the rest of the population throughout South America combined. As a result of conquest Pizarro Spanish religion and culture is embedded in the whole region. Furthermore, after the fall of the Inca empire, none of the other parts of South America that survived the European conquest. Nation millions of Indians still live in South America, but in most of the continent the Indians could never again hold a political role. European language, religion, culture, remains dominant.

Cortes and Pizarro, each just led a small army, managed to quickly topple the Aztec and the Inca empire. These events raise a lot of people consider that the conquest of Mexico and Peru by the Europeans can not be prevented anymore. In fact, the Aztec empire had no chance to defend its independence. Location of position (near the Gulf of Mexico and not far apart from Cuba) is open for the invasion of Europeans. Even if the Aztecs had managed to hit a small army of Cortes, the Spanish troops in an amount greater than would be coming up soon.

Inca Empire, on the other hand, a position that is more profitable to survive. The only border the Pacific Ocean is more difficult to enter than the Atlantic. Inca had a large army, populated many neat and organized. More than that Peru uneven terrain and mountainous, and in many parts of the world, the European colonial powers usually face difficulties to conquer the mountains. Even in the late 19th century, when European weapons far more advanced than they have in the 16th century, Italy conquered Ethiopia experiment did not work. The same thing happened to the British also face difficulties almost inexhaustible facing tribes in the mountains northwest frontier of India. And the Europeans had never been able to colonize mountainous country like Nepal, Afghanistan and Iran. If only Pizarro conquest failed, and if only the Inca people have little knowledge of weaponry and tactics of the Europeans, they will be able to resist the European powers who came later. Whereas in such circumstances, Spanish requires thirty-six years to quell an Indian uprising in 1536, although the Indians just had a little gun fire and was never able to muster more than a small troops before the conquest of Pizarro. Spain will be able to conquer the Inca Empire Pizarro even though, but that estimate seems far from certain. Michael H. Hart,One hundred most influential figures in the history.