Joseph Lister, Great British Surgeon

British surgeon Joseph Lister who introduced the use of antiseptics in surgery was born in 1827 in Upton, England. In 1852 he took a medical degree from University College London as a brilliant student. In 1861 he became a surgeon at the Glasgow Royal hospital, dijabatnya position for eight years. Especially in this time period he developed his antiseptic methods in surgery.
At the Lister hospital charged a new duty on the block barracks operations. Here he was surprised by the high mortality rate. Serious infections such as paralysis of limbs due to lack of blood distribution is a common occurrence after surgery. Lister tried to always keep the barracks clean, but still not much help. The death rate remains high. Many doctors consider unhealthy air steam coming out of the ground "miasmas" (noxious Vapors) around the house that became the cause sakitlah. This opinion is not satisfactory Lister.
Then, in 1865, he had read broadcast of Louis Pasteur introduced the germ theory of disease. This presents a key Lister new ideas. True if the disease is due to germs, the best prevention against infection is to kill bacteria before it reaches the open wounds. By using the "Carbolik acid" as the killer germs, Lister has done thus a new pattern of antiseptic methods. He was not only clean hands carefully before facing surgery, but also made observations on the following equipment used clothes to completely clean. She really squirts "carbolik acid that preventive antiseptic smelling the air in the operating room. Amazing result, death rates decreased. Between 1861-1865, mortality rates average 45% in men, whereas shrinking by the year 1869 was 15% only.
Lister's first paper in the affairs of antiseptic surgery was published in 1867. The idea is not just quickly accepted. But in the year 1869 he was offered a position as Head of Clinical Surgery University of Edinburgh, and for seven years working there his fame spread. In 1875 he traveled in Germany giving talks about the ideas and methods; and the following year, with the same intention he traveled in the United States. But most of the doctors there have not been convinced. Meanwhile, in the year 1877 he was offered the position of a Chief Surgeon at the Royal College in London who pegangnya for more than fifteen years. Demonstration antiseptiknya surgery in London attracting more attention among the medical world and the examination of the idea became more widespread. At the end of his life, basic principles of antiseptic surgery was pretty much accepted by almost all physicians.

Lister acquired various awards for pioneering results. He became chairman of "Royal Society" for five years, a respectable position. And no less important, he became personal surgeon queen. He married, no kids but one item. He exhaled breath efflux in Walmer, England.

Discovery Lister doubt not fundamentally has revolutionized the field of surgery and has saved people with anxiety due to infections such as occurred in past centuries. Furthermore, surgery is now able to work to overcome the complex that would never happen in the past. For example, a century ago concerning the operation of the chest pelubangan never imagined. Beyond thought. Although antiseptic surgical techniques are now different to the era of Lister, but the same basic idea and none other than mere expansion of Lister's principles.

One could claim that Lister is very clear idea with what is done so that the actual Pasteur Lister has no significance extraordinary. However, it is clear, the writings of Pasteur have been developed and popularized people. Similarly, a second income Pasteur and Lister's name in this book does not mean that similar findings have occurred by two different people. Pemraktekan theory of disease caused by germs is something very important so that even if the award is divided, yet Pasteur, Leeuwenhoek, Fleming and Lister will fully included in the list.

There can be no objection Lister placement so high in the order of this book list. Nearly twenty years before Lister's work on job, doctor, Ignaz Semmelweiss Hungarian nationality (1818-1865) who worked at the Vienna general hospital has clearly demonstrated the benefits derived antiseptic procedures, both for surgery and obstetrics. However, although Semmelweiss became professor and write a nice book containing his ideas, but overall he does not count people. Joseph Listerlah of his writings, his speeches and peragaannya really convince the medical world about the importance of antiseptic treatment in practice. Michael H. Hart,One hundred most influential figures in the history.